MANUFACTURING METHODS OF SYNTHETIC STONES

Oldest and most used. A crystal is slowly pulled from a molten bath at very high temperature (≈2050°C).

A crystal is pulled from a molten bath with a seed. Produces large high-quality crystals.

The crystal slowly forms in a molten flux at lower temperature. Gives excellent stones with few inclusions.

Growth in an aqueous solution under high pressure and temperature (≈400–700°C). Often produces very pure crystals.

Star sapphires, color-change sapphires, fancy-colored sapphires: variations with specific additives.

Most common method. Ruby pulled from molten bath at very high temperature (≈2050°C). Used for most synthetic rubies.

Produces large very pure crystals with a perfect crystal structure.

Ruby slowly crystallizes in a molten flux. Yields high-quality stones with very few inclusions.

Growth in aqueous solution under high pressure and temperature (≈400–700°C). Often for small sizes or specialty lab rubies.

Star rubies, pink or orange synthetics: variations with precise control of trace elements (Cr, Fe, Ti…).

Historical method (e.g. Chatham, Lechleitner). Forms in molten flux at lower temperature. May leave flux residues.

Most used modern method. Growth in aqueous solution under high pressure/temperature.

A thin synthetic beryl plate serves as base for growth. Can produce very clear large crystals.

Modern variants with controlled high pressure to improve quality and color.

Enhanced synthetic emeralds by controlled impregnation, doped with Cr/V for characteristic green.